Reaction vessel, assay device, and measuring method

ABSTRACT

The present invention related to a reaction vessel, an assay device and a measuring method. A reaction vessel includes a casing, a reagent and at least one individual element. The casing includes an opening and a detection zone. The opening may be formed on the edge of the casing and used to introduce a sample included an analyte. The detection zone is used to detect the analyte in the sample. The reagent is interacted with the sample. The individual element provides space and flow channel for mixing the sample and the reagent. The sample and the reagent are mixed in the individual element so as to determine the analyte in the detection zone, and thereby increasing accuracy of analyte detection.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates in general to a reaction vessel, an assay device and a measuring method, and particularly relates to a biochemical assay of the reaction vessel, the assay device and the measuring method.

2. Description of the Related Art

Conventional medical test is performed with specific ratio of the reagent and reaction time by laboratory professionals' operation and the process of medical test is usually complicated and time consuming. The need for rapid and convenience medical system has been developed for the home care medical device with simply used.

There are many kinds of home care medical devices, and so far the reagent with the biochemical reaction vessel is extensive use for functional test related with blood or urine, such as the blood cell, glycosylated hemoglobin, urinary protein, liver functional test and so on. The accurate test result of qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis from the reagent with the biochemical reaction vessel is quite approaching the result from batch testing instruments in the hospital, and the procedure is relative simple and safety for health care worker and obtains test result more rapidly.

Currently, the rotating angle and reaction time of the reaction vessel which contained the reagent has been controlled so as to perform the biochemical test analysis. However, the conventional design of reaction vessel is assembling the top casing and the bottom casing, and formed a right angle or uneven of excess glue caused by two work pieces adhering to let fluid be remained on these sites so that produced the liquid residual problem. Besides, the surface adhesion of the flow channel lets the liquid be remained on channel terminal or channel edge when rotating the reaction vessel so that controlling the liquid volume through completed test procedure is hard, and therefore affecting the accuracy of test result.

Therefore, there is an issue for manufacturer that how to further improve the deficiency described above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to one aspect of the present invention is to provide a reaction vessel for solving the liquid residual issue generated by right angle or excess glue made from work pieces adhering.

The present invention provides an assay device for preventing from flowing liquid residual on an edge of a channel terminal under operation process.

The present invention provides a measuring method for eliminating the deficiency caused by liquid residual so as to obtain more accurate test result.

In one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a reaction vessel, comprising

-   -   a casing comprising         -   an opening formed on the casing used for introducing a             sample and the sample comprising an analyte; and         -   a detection zone used for detecting the analyte;     -   a reagent mixed with the sample; and     -   at least an individual element provided a space and a flow         channel used for mixing the sample and the reagent;     -   wherein the sample and reagent mixed in the individual element,         and the analyte detected in the detection zone.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the reagent comprises a first reagent and a second reagent. The first reagent is used for mixing with the sample to form a first mixed liquid. The second reagent is used for mixing with the first mixed liquid to form a second mixed liquid. The viscosities of the first mixed liquid and the second mixed liquid may be below 5 cP. Preferably, the first reagent is liquid type and the second reagent is solid type, and the sample is blood.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the reaction vessel further comprises a reservoir which comprises a body and a film. The film is used for let the first reagent stored into the body in sealed state, and the thickness of the reservoir is less than the opening of the casing. The individual element comprises a first individual element and a second individual element. The first individual element provides a space and a flow channel for the first mixed liquid; and the second individual element provides a space and a flow channel for the second mixed liquid.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the individual element may be formed integrally and comprises a capacity zone, a flow channel and a distal end, and the capacity zone accommodates the sample and the reagent which are mixed to form a mixed liquid, and the flow channel is used for the mixed liquid to flow through and to bring the residue liquid away. Preferably, the flow channel lets the fluid contact with a distal end of the reservoir or the distal end of the individual element to bring residual liquid away. The capacity zone may have a curved base, and an arc radius of the curved base is R1.0 to RN, in which N is a positive number larger than 1, and the flow channel may have an inclined plane with an inclined angle relative to a horizontal plan, which is between 30 degrees to 90 degrees.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the detection zone may be a transparent region to let a light transmit for detecting the analyte and the thickness of detection zone is 2 millimeter (mm) to 10 mm. The casing may further comprise a secured element and a limiting element. The secured element is engaged with the individual element for securing the individual element to prevent the wobble of the individual element in the casing, and the limiting element cooperates with the secured element to limit the movement or wobble of the individual element, and the limiting element lets the reservoir with limitary wobble.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the reaction vessel may further comprise a sampler and a tilted element. The sampler has a capillary tube used for drawing the sample. The tilted element lets the sampler prevent from contacting an inner wall of the casing when the sampler inserted into the casing. The reaction vessel may further comprise an absorptive material and a RFID tag. The absorptive material is used for absorbing the sample and the reagent after interaction. The RFID tag is used for identifying a message related with the reaction vessel. The reaction vessel can be used for detecting a biochemical analyte and the biochemical analyte can be glycosylated hemoglobin.

In another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of manufacturing a reaction vessel, comprising:

providing at least two individual elements, and one of the individual elements with a solid reagent;

providing a reservoir comprising a body and a film, and the reservoir used for storing a liquid reagent in the body and sealed by the film;

providing a bottom casing having an opening for receiving a sample, and the bottom casing comprising a detection zone being a transparent region;

assembling the individual elements and the reservoir on the bottom casing; and

adhering a top casing on the bottom casing to form the reaction vessel contained the at least individual elements and the reservoir.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the at least two individual elements are a first individual element and a second individual element, and the step between providing the at least two individual elements and providing the reservoir further comprises assembling the first individual element and the second individual element so as to form a communicated fluid channel between the first individual element and the second individual element.

In one another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a biochemical assay device, comprising:

a reaction vessel assembly comprising

-   -   a sampler used for drawing a sample comprising an analyte; and     -   a reaction vessel comprising         -   a casing comprising an opening and a detection zone, the             opening formed on the casing used for inletting the sampler             and the detection zone used for detecting the analyte;         -   a first reagent stored in a reservoir in sealed state and             used for mixing with the sample to form a first mixed             liquid;         -   a second reagent used for mixing with the first mixed liquid             to form a second mixed liquid;         -   a first individual element provided a space and a flow             channel for the sample and the first reagent to be mixed to             form the first mixed liquid; and         -   a second individual element disposed with the second reagent             and provided a space and a flow channel for the first mixed             liquid and the second reagent to be mixed to form the second             mixed liquid; and

a detecting instrument used for detecting the analyte in the reaction vessel assembly, and comprising a slot, a rotation element and a light detector, and the slot provided a space for inletting the reaction vessel assembly in the detecting instrument, and the rotation element rotated the reaction vessel assembly to let the sample, the first reagent and the second reagent mixed in the first individual element and the second individual element, and the light detector used for proceeding optical measurement so as to analyze the analyte concentration in the detection zone.

In one another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for biochemical reaction assay, comprising

providing a reaction vessel comprising a sample, a first reagent and a first individual element, and the sample comprising an analyte;

rotating the reaction vessel to let the sample and the first reagent mix to form a first mixed liquid in the first individual element;

shaking the reaction vessel on a fixed point; and

analyzing the analyte concentration.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the steps between shaking on the fixed point and analyzing the analyte concentration further comprise:

rotating the reaction vessel to let the first mixed liquid and a second reagent mix to form a second mixed liquid;

shaking the reaction vessel on a fixed point; and

rotating the reaction vessel to let the second mixed liquid flow into a detection zone.

In an embodiment in accordance with the present invention, the analyte is glycosylated hemoglobin, and the analysis is optical measurement. A line perpendicular with a horizontal line is defined 0 degree so that rotating the reaction vessel 30 degrees to 55 degrees in clockwise direction is for mixing to form the first mixed liquid, and rotating the reaction vessel 50 degrees to 75 degrees in counterclockwise direction is for mixing to form the second mixed liquid, and rotating the reaction vessel 60 degrees to 85 degrees in clockwise direction is to let the second mixed liquid flow into the detection zone.

As used herein, the phrase “value R” means an arc radius and the phrase “arc of value R” means an arc drawn by the radius of the value. Preferably, the unit of value R is millimeter (mm)

As used herein, the phrase “individual element” means a capacity element with flow channel form in one piece. The manufacturing of individual element can be either independently from the casing of reaction vessel or integrated with the casing of reaction vessel.

According to the aspect of the present invention as description above, the reaction vessel comprises at least an individual element which is formed integrally with a flow channel in one piece so as to reduce liquid contact between the different plane structures and solve the problem about residual liquid caused by right angle or unevenness of excess glue from work pieces adherence. Furthermore, the individual element can manufactured with the reagent and save the reagent alone separated from the reaction vessel so as to obtain more accurate assay result.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The following drawings form part of the present specification and are included to further demonstrate certain aspects of the present invention. The invention may be better understood by reference to one or more of these drawings in combination with the detailed description of specific embodiments presented herein.

FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a reaction vessel assembly in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of B-B line of the reaction vessel assembly in FIG. 1A;

FIG. 2A is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a sampler of the reaction vessel assembly in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 2B is a schematic perspective view of another side of the sampler in FIG. 2A;

FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a casing of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a schematic perspective view of top side of a preferred embodiment of a reservoir of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4B is a schematic perspective view of another side of the reservoir in FIG. 4A;

FIG. 5A is an enlarged lateral side schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an individual element of the reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5B is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a first individual element of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5C is a schematic perspective view of another side of the first individual element in FIG. 5B;

FIG. 5D is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a second individual element of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 5E is a schematic perspective view of another side of the second individual element in FIG. 5D;

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method of manufacturing a reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a detecting instrument in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for biochemical reaction assay in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of another preferred embodiment of a method for biochemical reaction assay in accordance with the present invention; and

FIGS. 10A to 10E are schematic perspective views of operation process in accordance with the flow chart in FIG. 9 in accordance with the present invention. In these Figures, a top casing and a film of the reservoir are not shown, and the boldface arrowhead with solid line is pointed the direction of the sampler movement or the reaction vessel rotation, and the boldface arrowhead with dotted line pointed the direction of liquid flow.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

For the purposes of promoting an understanding of the principles of the invention, reference will now be made to the embodiment illustrated in the drawings, and specific language will be used to describe that embodiment. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the scope of the invention is intended. Alterations and modifications in the illustrated device, and further applications of the principles of the invention as illustrated therein, as would normally occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention relates are contemplated, are desired to be protected. Such alternative embodiments require certain adaptations to the embodiments discussed herein that would be obvious to those skilled in the art.

The following description and accompanying drawings are some examples in accordance with the present invention. The same symbol herein in the drawings indicates the same or similar structure.

FIG. 1A is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a reaction vessel assembly in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view of B-B line of the reaction vessel assembly in FIG. 1A. Please refer to FIGS. 1A and 1B in combination. In accordance with the present embodiment, a reaction vessel assembly 30 used for detecting a sample contained an analyte is provided, and comprises a reaction vessel 300 and a sampler 400.

FIG. 2A is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the sampler of the reaction vessel assembly in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 2B is a schematic perspective view of another side of the sampler in FIG. 2A in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 2A and 2B in combination. The sampler 400 further comprises a capillary tube 410. Preferably, the capillary tube 410 is disposed on an end of the sampler 400 for drawing a sample from a test subject by capillarity. The sample can be a liquid sample, and the liquid sample preferably can be biological liquid sample. The liquid sample can be obtained from human body such as blood, urine, plasma, serum, cerebro-spinal fluid (CFS), spinal fluid or other body fluid. The sample contains an analyte such as blood cell, glycosylated hemoglobin, urinary protein or other test targets about liver function. In other words, in accordance with the other embodiment, the sample can contain one or more than one kind of analytes.

FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a casing of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 3 in combination. The reaction vessel 300 comprises a casing 310, a reagent and at least one individual element. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the casing is constituted by a bottom casing 311 and a top casing 312, and has an opening 313 and a detection zone 314. The opening 313 is formed on the casing and used for introducing a sample. Preferably, the opening 313 can be formed on an edge of the casing 310. Preferably, the sample is drawn by the capillary tube 410 of the sampler 400 then inlets to the opening 313 of the casing 310. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening 313 can be formed on a corner of the casing 310. The detection zone 314 is used for detecting the analyte in the sample, and disposed on the other corner of the casing 310. Preferably, the detection zone 314 is a transparent region to let a light transmit for detecting the analyte. The thickness of the detection zone is 2 millimeter (mm) to 10 mm which is a distance for a light transmission path.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the casing 310 further comprises a radio frequency identification (RFID) tag 315 used for identifying a message related with the reaction vessel 300 such as a detection parameter when manufactured, the analyte category, patient identification, and so on. Preferably, the RFID tag 315 is disposed on an outer side of the top casing 312.

FIG. 4A is a schematic perspective view of top side of a preferred embodiment of a reservoir of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 4B is a schematic perspective view of another side of the reservoir in FIG. 4A. Please refer to FIGS. 4A and 4B in combination. The reaction vessel 300 further comprises a reservoir 370 used for storing the reagent in sealed state. The reservoir 370 has a film 371 and a body 372, and the body has a distal end 390 a. Preferably, a storage of the body 372 stored the reagent is an elliptic tank and the film is aluminum foil. The thickness of the reservoir 370 is less than the opening 313 of the casing preferably.

The reagent is used for mixing with the sample, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reagent comprises a first reagent 320 and a second reagent, but the present invention shall not be limited in this. The number or the category of the reagent is corresponding to the analyte in the sample. The first reagent 320 is mixing with the sample to form a first mixed liquid 322 (please refer to FIG. 10C which will be described later). The first reagent 320 can be liquid type. Preferably, the first reagent 320 comprises a hemolytic reagent stored in the reservoir 370. More specifically, the film 371 sealed the first reagent 320 within the body 372 of the reservoir 370. When the sample introduced in the reaction vessel 300, the film 371 has been pulled off to let the first reagent 320 leave from the body 372 through the distal end 390 a of the reservoir 370 then mixed with the sample. The second reagent is mixing with the first mixed liquid 322 to form a second mixed liquid 332 (please refer to FIG. 10D which will be described later). The second reagent can be solid type made by freeze drying manufacturing process from liquid type, but the present invention shall not be limited in this. Preferably, the second reagent comprises an immune reagent. More specifically, the mixing reaction is a biochemical reaction. Preferably, the biochemical reaction can be an immunological agglutination. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the viscosities of the first mixed liquid 322 and the second mixed liquid 332 in the reaction vessel 300 are below 5 centipoise (cP).

Following the description above, the reaction vessel 300 comprises at least one individual element which comprises a space and a flow channel for mixing the sample and the reagent. More specifically, the capacity zone and the flow channel of the individual element are formed integrally and made by plastic material. The plastic material can be a hydrophobic material or plastics have been performed by a hydrophobic process. Preferably, the hydrophobic plastic material can be thermoplastic such as polypropylene (PP), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and so on. In accordance with the other embodiment, those skilled in the art can change the plastic material of manufacturing process as needed.

FIG. 5A is an enlarged lateral side schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the individual element of the reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 5A. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the individual element 340 a comprises a capacity zone 341 a, a flow channel 342 a and a distal end 390 c, and the capacity zone 341 a comprises a curved base. More specifically, in accordance with the present embodiment, the shape of the curved base is an arc shape drawn by the radius of a value R. Preferably, the unit of value R is millimeter (mm) For example, value R1.0 of the arc shape of the curved base means the arc is drawing by the radius of 1.0 mm. Preferably, the arc radius of the curved base is between R1.0 to RN, in which N is a positive number larger than 1. More preferably, the arc radius of the curved base is between R4.0 to R40.0. To be noticed, the arc radius of curved base in the capacity zone 341 a is not being limited with a single numerical value R. In other words, those skilled in the art can change the shape of curved base by the arc modification of the capacity zone 341 a so as to determine the width of curved base or the height of accommodated liquid depended by the casing volume of the reaction vessel, liquid pathway or other demand as needed. For example, as FIG. 5A shown, R1 to R4 are indicated different values of the arc radius, and the curved base of the capacity zone 341 a is composed of R1 to R4. More specifically, those skilled in the art can design more than one numerical value R of the arc radius for modifying the shape of curved base of the capacity zone 341 a.

The flow channel 342 a is an integrally formed channel used for fluid communication, and the flow channel 342 a preferably has an inclined plane. More specifically, the inclined plane has an inclined angle relative to a horizontal plan. The horizontal plan is defined 0 degree, and the inclined angle preferably can be 30 degrees to 90 degrees.

The distal end 390 c is a terminal of the flow channel of the individual element, and perhaps generated residual liquid issue. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sample is mixed with the reagent in the individual element to form a mixed liquid and then the mixed liquid flowed into the detection zone 314 for detecting the analyte in the sample.

FIG. 5B is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a first individual element of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 5C is a schematic perspective view of another side of the first individual element in FIG. 5B. FIG. 5D is a schematic perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a second individual element of the reaction vessel in FIG. 1A in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 5E is a schematic perspective view of another side of the second individual element in FIG. 5D. Please refer to FIGS. 5B and 5E in combination. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the individual element comprises a first individual element 340 and a second individual element 350, and the first individual element 340 is fluid communication with the second individual element 350. The first individual element 340 is used for provided a space and a flow channel 342 for the first mixed liquid 322. More specifically, the sample is mixed with the first reagent 320 in the capacity zone 341 of the first individual element 340 then flowed through the flow channel 342 into the second individual element 350. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the capillary tube 410 of the sampler 400 and the distal end 390 a of the reservoir 370 are closed to the capacity zone 341 of the first individual element 340. Therefore, the first reagent 320 stored in the reservoir 370 flows into the capacity zone 341 to bring the sample out from the capillary tube 410 then mixed to form the first mixed liquid 322. The second individual element 350 is used for provided a space and a flow channel 352 for the second mixed liquid 332. Preferably, a second reagent (not shown) is disposed in the capacity zone 352 of the second individual element 350. The second reagent can be liquid type or dried solid type, and the dried solid type reagent can be made by freeze drying manufacturing process from liquid type reagent, which is put in the second individual element 350 then adhering on the inner wall of the second individual element 350 by freeze drying. More specifically, the first mixed liquid 322 from the first individual element flowed through the flow channel 342 into the second individual element 350 mixed with the second reagent to form the second mixed liquid 332. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the distal end 390 a of the first individual element 340 is engaged with the capacity zone 351 of the second individual element 350 so as to form fluid communication and let the first mixed liquid 322 flow into the capacity zone 351 of the second individual element 350. In other words, the individual element integrated with the flow channel in one piece can reduce the right angles or the unevenness of excess glue made by work pieces adherence so as to solve the residual liquid issue due to liquid contact with different planes. In addition, the individual element can be manufactured with the reagent and save the reagent alone separated from the reaction vessel so as to elevate the reagent efficiency.

Please refer to FIGS. 1A and 1B in combination. The casing 310 of the reaction vessel 300 further comprises a secured element engaged with the individual element for securing the individual element to prevent the wobble of the individual element in the casing 310. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secured element comprises a first secured element 316 and a second secured element 318. The first secured element 316 is engaged with the first individual element 340 and the second individual element 350 for securing the first individual element 340 and the second individual element 350 in the casing 310, and the second secured element 318 is engaged with the second individual element 350 for securing the second individual element 350 in the casing 310. Preferably, the first secured element 316 is a curved sheet and a shape of the curved sheet is formed in coordination with a bottom shape of the first individual element 340. The first secured element 316 is extended from a side wall of the casing 310 toward inside, and a terminal of the first secured element is fastened with one side of the second individual element. The second secured element 318 is disposed inside the casing 310 and corresponding to the other side of the second individual element 350 for limiting the wobble or movement of the second individual element 350.

Furthermore, the casing 310 of the reaction vessel 300 further comprises a limiting element 317 used for cooperating with the secured element to limit the movement or wobble of the individual element and lets the reservoir 370 with limitary wobble. Preferably, the limiting element 317 is disposed relative to two sides of the reservoir 370. The embodiment described above is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the other embodiment, the secured element can be any structure used for fastening the individual element such as a plurality of pillars instead of the sheet structure, but the present invention shall not be limited for this.

Besides, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction vessel 300 further comprises an absorptive material 380 used for absorbing the sample and the reagent after interaction, and the absorptive material preferably can be a sponge. After the sampler 400 inserted into the reaction vessel 300, the sample is mixed with the reagent, then the analyte contained in the sample is detected at the detection zone 314 and finally the sample is absorbed after reaction by the absorptive material 380.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaction vessel 300 further comprises a tilted element 319 used for preventing the sampler 400 from contacting with the inner wall of the casing 310 when the sampler inserted to the casing 310. In accordance with the present embodiment, the tilted element 319 is a block protruded from the side wall of the casing near the opening 313, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the tilted element can be any designed for preventing the sampler 400 from contacting with the inner wall of the casing 310, for example, the tilted element 319 can be disposed on the sampler 400.

FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method of manufacturing a reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to FIGS. 3 to 6 and FIG. 1A in combination. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide at least two individual elements, and one of the individual elements with a solid reagent in step S600. In other words, the two individual elements can be the first individual element 340 and the second individual element 350. Preferably, the second reagent in a solid type is disposed in the second individual element 350. In accordance with the present embodiment, preferably assemble the first individual element 340 and the second individual element 350 to let the distal end 390 b of the first individual element 340 put into the capacity zone 351 of the second individual element 350 so that the flow channel 342 of the first individual element 340 is cooperated with the flow channel 352 of the second individual element 350 to form a fluid communication channel. In step S610, provide a reservoir comprising a body and a film, and the reservoir is used for storing a liquid reagent in sealed state. In other words, the film 371 is used for limiting the liquid reagent within the body 372, and the liquid reagent preferably is the first reagent. Following the step S620, provide a bottom casing 311 having an opening 313, and the bottom casing 311 comprises a detection zone 314 which is a transparent region to let light transmission so as to detect the analyte by optical measurement. Following the step S630, assemble the individual elements and the reservoir on the bottom casing. More specifically, the bottom casing 311 provides a mounting space for engaging the individual elements and the reservoir 370 in the reaction vessel 300. Following the step S640, adhere a top casing 312 on the bottom casing 311, and the adhering method preferably can be colloidal adhesion or ultrasonic welding.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of a detecting instrument in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 7. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a biochemical assay device 10 comprises a reaction vessel assembly 30 and a detecting instrument 20. The reaction vessel assembly 30 comprises a sampler 400 and a reaction vessel 300. The detecting instrument 20 comprises a slot 210, a rotation element 220 and a light detector 230. The slot 210 provides a space for inletting the reaction vessel assembly 30 in the detecting instrument 20. The rotation element 220 is used for rotating the reaction vessel assembly 30 to let the sample, the first reagent and the second reagent mixed in the casing 310. More specifically, the rotation element 220 can provide clockwise or counterclockwise rotation, or shake the reaction vessel assembly 30 on a fixed point. The light detector 230 is used for proceeding optical measurement so as to analyze the analyte concentration in the detection zone 314. Preferably, the optical measurement can be transmission type or reflection type.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for biochemical reaction assay in accordance with the present invention. Please refer to FIG. 8. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a reaction vessel comprising a sample, a first reagent and a first individual element, and the sample comprising an analyte in step S800. Preferably, the sample and the first reagent are in liquid type and the first individual element has a capacity zone. Following the step S810, rotate the reaction vessel to let the sample and the first reagent mix to form a first mixed liquid in the first individual element. More specifically, the rotation can be a clockwise or counterclockwise rotation. Following the step S820, shake the reaction vessel at a fixed point. More specifically, the reaction vessel rotated with a regular angle and defined a fixed point for a swinging center and then swung with the regular angle by alternative clockwise or counterclockwise rotation to let the sample and the first reagent mixed completely. Following the step S830, analyze the analyte concentration and the analysis preferably can be optical measurement, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. Those skilled in the art can change the rotation frequency corresponding to the category or the number of the analyte and the reagent.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of another preferred embodiment of a method for biochemical reaction assay in accordance with the present invention. FIGS. 10A to 10E are schematic perspective views of operation process in accordance with the flow chart of a preferred embodiment of a method for biochemical reaction assay in FIG. 9 in accordance with the present invention. In these Figures, the top casing and the sealed film of reservoir are not shown, and the boldface arrowhead with solid line is pointed the direction of the sampler movement or the reaction vessel rotation, and the boldface arrowhead with dotted line pointed the direction of liquid flow. Please refer to FIGS. 9 and 10D in combination. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a reaction vessel assembly 30 comprising a sample and a reaction vessel 300 and the sample comprising an analyte in step S900. Preferably, the sample is liquid type drawing by a capillary tube 410 of a sampler 400 then introducing in the reaction vessel 300 (as FIGS. 10A and 10B shown). The reaction vessel 300 comprises a casing 310, a first reagent 320, a second reagent 330, a first individual element 340 and a second individual element 350. The casing 310 comprises an opening 313 and a detection zone 314. The opening 313 is formed on the edge of the casing 310 so as to inlet the sampler 400, and the detection zone 314 is used for detecting the analyte. The first reagent 320 is mixed with the sample to form a first mixed liquid 322, and preferably, the first reagent 320 is stored in a reservoir 370. The reservoir 370 comprises a film 371 and a body 372 which having a distal end 390 a, and the thickness of the reservoir 370 is less than the opening 313 of the casing. The second reagent 330 is mixed with the first mixed liquid 322 to form a second mixed liquid 332, and preferably, the second reagent 330 is disposed in the second individual element 350. The first individual element 340 provides a space and a flow channel 342 for mixing the sample and the first reagent 320 to form the first mixed liquid 322. The second individual element 350 provides a space and a flow channel 352 for mixing the first mixed liquid 322 and the second reagent 330 to form the second mixed liquid 332.

According to the aspect of the present invention as described above, preferably pull off the film 371 from the reservoir 370 to let the first reagent 320 leave from the body 372 through the distal end 390 a of the reservoir 370 into the first individual element 340. At this time, the liquid level of first reagent 320 in the first individual element 340 is higher than the capillary tube 410 of the sampler 400 accommodated in the first individual element 340, and the liquid volume of the first reagent 320 is sufficient to release the sample in the capillary tube 410. To be noticed, the sampler 400 is not completed contact with the wall of the casing 310 so as to prevent liquid residual caused by capillarity between the inner wall of the casing 310 and the sampler 400. Preferably, detect the unfilled detection zone to be a background value at this time.

Following the description above in accordance with the present invention, the line perpendicular with the horizontal line is defined 0 degree. Please refer to FIG. 10C in combination. Rotate the reaction vessel assembly 30 to let the sample and the first reagent 320 mix to form a first mixed liquid 322 in the first individual element 340 in step S910. More specifically, the sample and the first reagent 320 are mixed in the capacity zone 341 of the first individual element. Preferably, rotated angle of the reaction vessel assembly is 30 degrees to 55 degrees in clockwise direction. More preferably, the rotation angle is 40 degrees in clockwise direction.

Following the step S920, shake the reaction vessel assembly 30 at a fixed point. More specifically, the reaction vessel assembly 30 is clockwise rotated with a regular angle then set a fixed point as a swinging center so that swung with the regular angle by alternative clockwise or counterclockwise rotation to let the sample and the first reagent 320 mixed completely. To be noticed, the distal end 390 a of the body 372 may remain partial volume of the first reagent 320. Because of the reservoir 370 is limitary wobble in the casing 310 of the reaction vessel assembly 30 so that remained partial volume of the first reagent on the distal end 390 a of the body 372 can be removed by multiple direction centrifugal force when shaking the reaction vessel assembly 30 at the fixed point.

Following the description above, please refer to FIG. 10D in combination. Rotate the reaction vessel assembly 30 to let the first mixed liquid 322 and the second reagent 330 mix to form a second mixed liquid 332 in the second individual element 350 in step S930. More specifically, the first mixed liquid 322 and the second reagent 330 are mixed in the capacity zone 351 of the second individual element. Preferably, rotated angle of the reaction vessel assembly is 50 degrees to 75 degrees in counterclockwise direction. More preferably, the rotation angle is 60 degrees in counterclockwise direction. More specifically, the first mixed liquid 322 is flowed into the second individual element 350 through the flow channel 342 of the first individual element 340 by counterclockwise rotation. Preferably, the second reagent 330 is solid type reagent disposed on the inner wall of the second individual element 350 so that the first mixed liquid 322 flowed into the capacity zone 351 of the second individual element 350 and dissolved the second reagent 330 therein. To be noted, when the first mixed liquid 322 flowed through the flow channel 342 of the first individual element 340 (as the boldface arrowhead with dotted line in FIG. 10D shown), the liquid level of the first mixed liquid 322 is contact with the distal end 390 a of the body 372 of the reservoir so as to bring the residual liquid on the distal end 390 a away.

Following the step S940, shake the reaction vessel assembly 30 on a fixed point. More specifically, the reaction vessel assembly 30 is counterclockwise rotated with a regular angle then set a fixed point as a swinging center so that swung with the regular angle by alternative clockwise or counterclockwise rotation to let the first mixed liquid 322 and the second reagent 330 mixed completely.

Following the description above, please refer to FIG. 10E in combination. Rotate the reaction vessel assembly 30 to let the second mixed liquid 332 flow into a detection zone 314 in step S950. Preferably, rotation angle is 60 degrees to 85 degrees in clockwise direction. More preferably, the rotation angle is 70 degrees in clockwise direction. More specifically, the second mixed liquid 332 is flowed into the detection zone 314 of the casing 310 through the flow channel 352 of the second individual element 350 by clockwise rotation. To be noticed, the second mixed liquid 332 in the second individual element 350 contacts with the distal end 390 b of the first individual element 340 when the second mixed liquid 332 flowed through the flow channel 352 to the detection zone 314 so as to bring the residual liquid on the distal end 390 b away.

Following the step S960, analyze the analyte concentration. More specifically, analyze the analyte when the second mixed liquid 332 has been filled in the detection zone 314. Preferably, the analysis is optical measurement and the analyte is glycosylated hemoglobin. In other words, when the detection zone 314 filled with the second mixed liquid 332, perform the optical measurement so as to obtain a detection value of the glycosylated hemoglobin. Preferably, the detection value has been subtracted the background value detected when the detection zone is empty so as to obtain more accuracy test result. Preferably, after finish the measurement, rotate the reaction vessel assembly 30 in clockwise direction to let the second mixed liquid 332 absorbed by the absorptive material 380 so as to prevent the contamination caused by leaking liquid when take out the reaction vessel assembly 30 from the detecting instrument.

Although possible types of the reaction vessel, assay device, and measuring method in accordance with the present invention has been described in the embodiment above, those skilled in the art shall recognized that the reaction vessel can be designed differently. Therefore, the spirit of the present invention shall not be limited to these possible types of reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention. In other words, used the individual element integrally formed with flow channel in one piece instead of work pieces adherence so as to bring residual liquid away from the channel terminal for resolving the residual liquid issue which is the key spirit and scope of the present invention. The followings are some other embodiments in accordance with the present invention for those skilled in the art to know more about the spirit of the present invention.

According to the embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 1A, the sample is mixed with the reagent. More specifically, the mixed reaction is a biochemical reaction which is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the other embodiment, the mixed reaction of the sample and the reagent can be physical reaction, chemical reaction, biological reaction, or comprehensive reaction included the description above. For example, shaking the reaction vessel assembly on the fixed point is a physical reaction, and the antibody of the reagent combined with the antigen of the sample so as to proceed the immunological agglutination is a biochemical reaction.

According to the embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 2A, the sampler 400 further comprises the capillary tube 410 used for drawing the sample, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the sampler can use the other way to obtain the sample such as dropping or importing the sample for instance.

According to the embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 3, the reaction vessel 300 comprises the casing 310, the reagent, and the individual element. The casing 310 comprises the bottom casing 311 and the top casing 312, and the shape of the casing is square as FIG. 3 shown, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the casing can be any other shape such as round shape for instance.

According to the aspect of the present invention as described above, the casing has the opening 313, and the opening is preferably formed on the edge of the casing 310 used for introducing a sample, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the opening can be formed on any position of the casing, and those skilled in the art can change the opening position as needed.

Following the description above, the casing 310 further comprises the RFID tag 315 used for identifying the message related with the reaction vessel, but it is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the other embodiment, linear bar code or two-dimensional bar code can replace the RFID tag. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom casing 311 has an expanding plate relatively protruded from the top casing 312, and the RFID tag or bar code preferably can be posited on the expanding plate.

According to the embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 4, the reservoir 370 has the film 371 which preferably can be aluminum foil, but it is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the other embodiment, the film can be other metal lamina, and a face of the film contacted with the first reagent is coated a plastic material so as to adhere with the body 372 in sealed state. Besides, the way pull off the film to let the first reagent 320 leave from the body 372 of the reservoir 370 to mix with the sample is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the other embodiment, there can be other way to break the sealed state of the reservoir such as slicing or piercing the film for instance.

According to the embodiment of the present invention in FIGS. 5A to 5E, the individual element comprises the first individual element 340 and the second individual element 350, and the individual element has the capacity zone which is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can change the number of the individual element and/or the capacity zone depending on fluid path as needed. Besides, the arc radius of the curved base is R1.0 to RN, in which N is a positive number larger than 1, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the flow channel or entirety of the individual element can be round.

In accordance with the above embodiment, the reagent comprises the first reagent and the second reagent. The first reagent preferably is liquid type and the second reagent preferably is dried solid type, but the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the first reagent can be solid type and the second reagent can be liquid type, or the first reagent and the second reagent can both be liquid type or solid type. Those skilled in the art can change the types of the first reagent and the second reagent as needed.

In accordance with the above embodiment, the first reagent 320 stored in the reservoir 370 and the second reagent 330 disposed on the second individual element 350 is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, those skilled in the art can change the disposed position of the reagent such as casing or sampler for instance.

According to the embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 10E, rotated the reaction vessel assembly 30 to let the second mixed liquid 332 flow into a detection zone 314 in step S950 and analyzed the analyte concentration in step S960 is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention shall not be limited for this. In accordance with the other embodiment, the analyte analysis can be performed on the original site where liquid blended and no need to transfer the mixed liquid to the detection zone.

In accordance with the above embodiment, the individual element is one piece of element separated from the casing 310, but it is one choice of an embodiment of the present invention. In accordance with the other embodiment, the individual element can be manufactured integrally formed with the casing 310 in one piece so as to resolve residual liquid on the site of work pieces adherence.

Accordingly, the reaction vessel comprises at least an individual element integrally formed with the flow channel so as to solve the residual liquid caused by right angle or unevenness of excess glue from work pieces adherence. Furthermore, there are also other advantages in some embodiments of the present invention exemplarily listed as follows:

1. The reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention comprising at least one individual element integrally formed with the flow channel is used for taking the residual liquid of the channel terminal away so as to solve liquid remained issue.

2. The individual element of the reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention can manufacture with the reagent and save the reagent alone separated from the reaction vessel so as to elevate the reagent efficiency.

3. The reservoir of the reaction vessel in accordance with the present invention having limitary wobble in the casing increases the centrifugal force of liquid on the distal end so as to remove the residual liquid for promoting liquid mixed.

4. The sampler of the assay device in accordance with the present invention does not completely contact with the wall of the casing so as to reduce liquid residual effect caused by capillarity from narrowing space between the sampler and casing wall.

5. The reaction vessel, assay device, and measuring method in accordance with the present invention controls liquid volume variation by individual element in each reaction step so as to evaluate the accuracy of test result.

More exemplary embodiments and advantages of the present invention may be ascertained by reviewing the present disclosure and the accompanying drawing. It is intended that the description and embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawing to be considered as exemplary only.

Further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.

Other embodiments of the invention will appear to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. It is intended that the specification and examples to be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A reaction vessel, comprising: a casing comprising an opening formed on the casing used for introducing a sample and the sample comprising an analyte; and a detection zone used for detecting the analyte; a reagent mixed with the sample; and at least one individual element provided a space and a flow channel used for mixing the sample and the reagent; wherein the sample and reagent mixed in the individual element, and then the analyte detected in the detection zone.
 2. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reagent comprises: a first reagent used for mixing with the sample to form a first mixed liquid; and a second reagent used for mixing with the first mixed liquid to form a second mixed liquid.
 3. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first reagent is liquid type and the second reagent is solid type, and the sample is blood, and the viscosities of the first mixed liquid and the second mixed liquid are below 5 cP.
 4. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 2, further comprising a reservoir which comprises a body and a film, the film used for let the first reagent stored into the body in sealed state, and the thickness of the reservoir is less than the opening of the casing.
 5. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the individual element comprises a first individual element provided a space and a flow channel for the first mixed liquid; and a second individual element provided a space and a flow channel for the second mixed liquid.
 6. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 4, wherein the casing further comprises a secured element and a limiting element, and the secured element is engaged with the individual element for securing the individual element to prevent the wobble of the individual element in the casing, and the limiting element cooperates with the secured element to limit the movement or wobble of the individual element, and the limiting element lets the reservoir with limitary wobble.
 7. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the individual element is formed integrally and comprises a capacity zone, a flow channel and a distal end, and the capacity zone accommodates the sample and the reagent which are mixed to form a mixed liquid, and the flow channel is used for the mixed liquid to flow through and to bring the residue liquid away.
 8. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the capacity zone has a curved base, and an arc radius of the curved base is R1.0 to RN, in which N is a positive number larger than 1, and the flow channel has an inclined plane with an inclined angle relative to a horizontal plan, which is between 30 degrees to 90 degrees.
 9. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the detection zone is a transparent region to let a light transmit for detecting the analyte and the thickness of detection zone is 2 millimeter (mm) to 10 mm.
 10. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a sampler and a tilted element, and the sampler having a capillary tube used for drawing the sample, and the tilted element used for letting the sampler prevent from contacting an inner wall of the casing when the sampler inserted into the casing.
 11. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an absorptive material and a RFID tag, the absorptive material used for absorbing the sample and the reagent after interaction, and the RFID tag used for identifying a message related with the reaction vessel.
 12. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reaction vessel is used for detecting a biochemical analyte.
 13. The reaction vessel as claimed in claim 12, wherein the biochemical analyte is glycosylated hemoglobin.
 14. A biochemical assay device, comprising: a reaction vessel assembly comprising a sampler used for drawing a sample and the sample comprising an analyte; and a reaction vessel comprising a casing comprising an opening and a detection zone, the opening formed on the casing used for inletting the sampler and the detection zone used for detecting the analyte; a first reagent stored in a reservoir in sealed state and used for mixing with the sample to form a first mixed liquid; a second reagent used for mixing with the first mixed liquid to form a second mixed liquid; a first individual element provided a space and a flow channel for the sample and the first reagent to be mixed to form the first mixed liquid; and a second individual element disposed with the second reagent and provided a space and a flow channel for the first mixed liquid and the second reagent to be mixed to form the second mixed liquid; and a detecting instrument used for detecting the analyte in the reaction vessel assembly, and comprising a slot, a rotation element and a light detector, and the slot provided a space for inletting the reaction vessel assembly in the detecting instrument, and the rotation element rotated the reaction vessel assembly to let the sample, the first reagent and the second reagent mixed in the first individual element and the second individual element, and the light detector used for proceeding optical measurement so as to analyze the analyte concentration in the detection zone.
 15. A method for biochemical reaction assay, comprising providing a reaction vessel comprising a sample, a first reagent and a first individual element, and the sample comprising an analyte; rotating the reaction vessel to let the sample and the first reagent mix to form a first mixed liquid in the first individual element; shaking the reaction vessel on a fixed point; and analyzing the analyte concentration.
 16. The method as claimed in claim 15, wherein the steps between shaking on the fixed point and analyzing the analyte concentration further comprise: rotating the reaction vessel to let the first mixed liquid and a second reagent mix to form a second mixed liquid; shaking the reaction vessel on a fixed point; and rotating the reaction vessel to let the second mixed liquid flow into a detection zone.
 17. The method as claimed in claim 16, wherein the analyte is glycosylated hemoglobin, and the analysis is optical measurement.
 18. The method as claimed in claim 17, wherein a line perpendicular with a horizontal line is defined 0 degree, rotating the reaction vessel 30 degrees to 55 degrees in clockwise direction is for mixing to form the first mixed liquid, and rotating the reaction vessel counterclockwise 50 degrees to 75 degrees in counterclockwise direction is for mixing to form the second mixed liquid, and rotating the reaction vessel 60 degrees to 85 degrees in clockwise direction is to let the second mixed liquid flow into the detection zone. 